Nature & Outdoors

1. Bu dag örän owadan.

   Bu dag ö-rän o-wa-dan.

   This mountain is very beautiful.

   Usage

   When admiring a mountain landscape

   Grammar Note

   "Örän" is an intensifying adverb meaning "very." Both "örän" and "gaty" are used as intensifiers in Turkmen.

2. Derýa suwarmak üçin ulanylyp bilner.

   Der-ýa su-war-mak ü-çin u-la-ny-lyp bil-ner.

   The river can be used for irrigation.

   Usage

   When discussing local agriculture and water resources

   Grammar Note

   "Ulanylyp bilner" is a passive potential form meaning "can be used." The combination "-lyp bil-" expresses potential/possibility.

3. Çöl örän yssydyr.

   Çöl ö-rän ys-sy-dyr.

   The desert is very hot.

   Usage

   When talking about desert climate (most of Turkmenistan is desert)

   Grammar Note

   The suffix "-dyr" is a predicative clitic that emphasizes certainty, like an emphatic "is" at the end of a sentence.

4. Tokaýda haýsy haýwanlar ýaşaýar?

   To-kaý-da haý-sy haý-wan-lar ýa-şa-ýar?

   What animals live in the forest?

   Usage

   When asking about local wildlife

   Grammar Note

   "Tokaýda" adds the locative "-da" to "tokaý" (forest). "Ýaşaýar" is the present tense of "ýaşamak" (to live/inhabit).

5. Daşky gurşawy goramak möhümdir.

   Daş-ky gur-şa-wy go-ra-mak mö-hüm-dir.

   Protecting the environment is important.

   Usage

   When discussing environmental issues

   Grammar Note

   "Goramak" means "to protect." Its infinitive form "daşky gurşawy goramak" serves as the subject meaning "protecting the environment."

6. Deňiz kenaryna gitjekmisiň?

   De-ňiz ke-na-ry-na git-jek-mi-siň?

   Are you going to the seashore?

   Usage

   When discussing a trip to the Caspian Sea coast (Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea)

   Grammar Note

   "Gitjekmisiň" attaches the question particle "-mi" and the second-person singular ending "-siň" (informal) to the future form "gitjek" (will go) of "gitmek" (to go).

7. Bu ýerde güller ösýärmi?

   Bu ýer-de gül-ler ös-ýär-mi?

   Do flowers grow here?

   Usage

   When asking about the local flora and natural environment

   Grammar Note

   "Güller" is the plural of "gül" (flower). "Ösýär" is the third-person present tense of "ösmek" (to grow).

8. Milli seýilgäh nirede?

   Mil-li se-ýil-gäh ni-re-de?

   Where is the national park?

   Usage

   When asking the location of a national park or nature reserve

   Grammar Note

   "Seýilgäh" is from Persian and means "a place for strolling/recreation." Turkmen has many Persian and Arabic vocabulary items.

9. Howa açyk we ajaýyp.

   Ho-wa a-çyk we a-ja-ýyp.

   The weather is clear and wonderful.

   Usage

   When commenting on beautiful weather

   Grammar Note

   "We" is the Turkmen conjunction for "and," equivalent to English "and." It is a short conjunction somewhat unusual in Turkic languages.

10. Bu ösümlik zäherlimidir?

    Bu ö-süm-lik zä-her-li-mi-dir?

    Is this plant poisonous?

    Usage

    When checking the safety of a wild plant before touching it

    Grammar Note

    "Zäherli" adds the adjective suffix "-li" to "zäher" (poison). The suffix "-midir" is an emphatic question form.

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